What is fiber grating
Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) is an optical device based on optical fiber that reflects or filters light of specific wavelengths by forming a periodic refractive index modulation structure in the fiber core. In recent years, with the rapid development of optical fiber sensing and communication technology, fiber gratings have been widely used in industrial, medical, aerospace and other fields. This article will introduce the principles, characteristics and applications of fiber gratings in detail based on the hot topics and hot content on the Internet in the past 10 days.
1. Principle and structure of fiber grating
The core principle of fiber grating isBragg reflection, that is, when light waves pass through an optical fiber with periodic refractive index modulation, light of a specific wavelength will be reflected, and the remaining wavelengths will be transmitted. Its structure mainly consists of the following parts:
| components | Function description |
|---|---|
| core | The main channel for optical signal transmission, the refractive index changes periodically |
| cladding | Wrap the fiber core to ensure that the optical signal is confined within the fiber core |
| raster area | Periodic refractive index modulation by UV laser or chemical methods |
2. Characteristics of fiber grating
Fiber grating has become an important device in modern optical technology due to its unique properties. Here are its main features:
| Features | Description |
|---|---|
| High wavelength selectivity | Only specific wavelengths are reflected, the rest are transmitted |
| Temperature and strain sensitive | Reflection wavelength changes with temperature or strain, suitable for sensing |
| Small size and light weight | Easy to integrate into complex systems |
| Anti-electromagnetic interference | Suitable for monitoring in strong electromagnetic environments |
3. Application fields of fiber grating
According to the hot content on the entire network in the past 10 days, fiber gratings are active in the following fields:
| Application areas | Specific use | Hot cases (last 10 days) |
|---|---|---|
| Optical fiber communication | Wavelength division multiplexing, signal filtering | FBG is used for optical signal optimization in 5G networks |
| Structural health monitoring | Strain monitoring of bridges, aircraft and buildings | A high-speed rail project uses FBG to monitor track deformation in real time |
| medical equipment | Endoscope, temperature sensing | New FBG sensor for minimally invasive surgical navigation |
| energy industry | Monitoring of oil and gas pipelines and wind turbine blades | Offshore wind power platform deploys FBG sensor network |
4. Technology Development Trends of Fiber Bragg Grating
Combined with recent hot spots, fiber grating technology is developing in the following directions:
1.Multi-parameter sensing integration: By optimizing the grating structure, multiple parameters such as temperature, strain, and vibration can be monitored simultaneously.
2.Miniaturization and flexibility: Develop flexible fiber gratings to meet the attachment needs of complex curved surface structures.
3.Artificial Intelligence Assisted Analysis: Use AI algorithms to process FBG sensing data to improve monitoring accuracy and efficiency.
5. Summary
As an important component in the optical field, fiber grating is promoting technological innovation in many industries with its high sensitivity, anti-interference and integrability. Judging from recent hot spots, its applications in the fields of infrastructure monitoring, medical equipment upgrades and energy security are particularly prominent. In the future, with the advancement of material science and manufacturing technology, the functions and performance of fiber gratings will be further expanded, providing stronger technical support for an intelligent society.
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